Spousal
Support... Does It Ever End?
by
James P. Reape
There is a presumption
in California Law that a marriage of ten years is deemed to be
a long term marriage. In some instances, marriages of shorter
duration have also been found to be a marriage of long duration.
The significance of this finding is found in Family Code, Section
4336, which states:
"Except on written
agreement of the parties to the contrary or a court order terminating
spousal support, the court retains jurisdiction indefinitely in
a proceeding for dissolution of marriage or for legal separation
of the parties where the marriage is of long duration."
Let us say that the
Judgment of Dissolution states that Husband would pay $2,000 per
month for a period of sixty months for spousal support and that
the support would "terminate forever and no court shall have
any jurisdiction to extend this award of spousal support either
as to the amount or duration after said date."
Prior to the expiration
of this sixty month term, wife filed an application to extend spousal
support beyond the sixty months. Wife argued that the agreement
entered into previously implicitly authorized continuing jurisdiction
of the court to modify support so long as the request was made before
the end of the sixty month time period. As might be expected, the
trial court rejected Wife's argument stating that the agreement
was explicit enough in that it did not have jurisdiction to continue
the payments.
Wife appealed. The
Court of Appeal reversed the trial court and accepted Wife's argument.
The Court stated that parties can agree that a support order shall
not be subject to court modification, but that explicit written
language is required to terminate jurisdiction to modify. In light
of a strong public policy in favor of retention of jurisdiction
over the issue of spousal support, particularly in long marriages,
any ambiguity as to a provision attempting to make an order non-modifiable
will be construed in favor of retaining jurisdiction.
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